CONTENTS Preface ... ⅶ PARTⅠ INTRODUCTION 1. IMAGINATION IN MOTION ... 3 Development of Reference Service ... 5 Reference Service Today ... 11 2. REFERENCE LIBRARAIN AND THOSE HE SERVES ... 14 Qualities for Success in Reference ... 15 The users of Information ... 22 Toward a Philosophy of Reference Service ... 27 PARTⅡ DIRECT REFERENCE SERVICE 3. QUSTION AND ANSWER ... 37 The Reference Interview ... 44 After the Interview ... 49 4. SEARCH STRATEGY ... 53 Search Sources ... 56 Flow-chart Analysis ... 58 Search in Depth ... 66 Unanswered Questions ... 68 PARTⅢ INDIRECT REFERENCE SERVICE 5. SELECTION OF REFERENCE SOURCES ... 77 Ordering of Reference Books ... 79 Out-of-print Works ... 81 Negative Selection ... 87 6. NONBOOK MATERIALS AND SPECIAL COLLECTIONS ... 91 Audio-Visual materials ... 91 Pamphlets ... 94 Unpublished Materials ... 96 Local History and Genealogy ... 99 7. EVALUATING THE REFERENCE COLLECTION ... 104 8. PREPARING AND SEARCHING BIBLIOGRAPHIES ... 111 Steps in Preparation ... 111 Bibliographic Style ... 113 Searching Bibliographies ... 119 PARTⅣ REFERENCE SERVICE IN LIBRARIES 9. PUBLIC LIBRARY REFERENCE SERVICES ... 131 Administration ... 135 Policies and Practices ... 140 10. ACADEMIC LIBRARY REFERENCE SERVICE BY NORMAN HOYLE ... 145 Reference Services to Undergraduates ... 146 Reference Service to Graduate Students ... 151 Reference Service to the Faculty ... 153 Organization ... 157 Administration ... 159 11. SPECIAL LIBRARY REFERENCE SERVICE BY IRVING M. KLEMPNER ... 164 12. REFERENCE SERVICE TO CHILDREN BY LILLIAN ORSINI ... 173 Selection ... 175 Evaluation of reference Books ... 175 Arrangement of Collection ... 177 Interpretation ... 178 Record-keeping ... 180 13. A NETWORK OF LIBRARIES ... 181 Interlibrary Loan ... 183 Local and State Systems ... 188 National Systems ... 193 Information Centers ... 196 Switching Centers ... 202 Necessary Network Elements ... 204 Bibliographic Guides and Directories ... 208 PARTⅤ AUTOMATED REFERENCE SERVICE 14. COMPUTERS AND THE LIBRARY ... 215 Computer Programs ... 218 Terminology ... 222 Automation of Cataloging ... 225 Automation of Records ... 229 Automation of Reference Sources ... 229 Automation Used in Libraries ... 231 Name and Title Index ... 237 Subject Index ... 245