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Essays in Psychology and Economics
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| 자료유형 | 학위논문 |
|---|---|
| 서명/저자사항 | Essays in Psychology and Economics. |
| 개인저자 | Tungodden, Jonas. |
| 단체저자명 | University of California, Berkeley. Economics. |
| 발행사항 | [S.l.]: University of California, Berkeley., 2019. |
| 발행사항 | Ann Arbor: ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019. |
| 형태사항 | 97 p. |
| 기본자료 저록 | Dissertations Abstracts International 81-04B. Dissertation Abstract International |
| ISBN | 9781085792196 |
| 학위논문주기 | Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2019. |
| 일반주기 |
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-04, Section: B.
Advisor: DellaVigna, Stefano. |
| 이용제한사항 | This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.This item must not be added to any third party search indexes. |
| 요약 | This dissertation consists of three chapters which all study parental decision-making for their children in the domain of competition. Willingness to compete is an important determinant of education and labor market outcomes. A growing literature has documented a robust gender differences in competitiveness which may explain the observed differences between men and women in these domains. Parents play an important role in shaping children's preferences and long-term outcomes. The key motivation for the dissertation is to understand the influence of parents on gender differences in competitiveness and later life outcomes.In the first chapter, I study how parents make competitiveness choices for their adolescent children in Norway. In an experiment with 1480 parents and children, parents choose if their child will do a task for a competitive or non-competitive pay scheme. The paper establishes a number of novel facts on parents' choices for children. First, parents choose more competition for boys than for girls. The gender gap in parents' choices is smaller than that in children's own choices. Second, two main mechanisms explain the gender gap in parents' choices: their beliefs about children's preferences and paternalistic behavior. Third, parents' choices are more responsive to the ability of boys than girls, which results in many high-ability girls not entering into competition. Fourth, parent gender matters: fathers are more likely than mothers to enter their child into competition. Finally, children are unaware of the gender difference in parents' choices and believe that parents will make the same choices for boys and girls.The second chapter uses data from the same experiment as in chapter one, to study the transmission of competitiveness preferences within social networks. I document a positive correlation between preferences both within family and within peer groups. I study parents' beliefs about the correlation of preferences, and find that parents overstate how close their own preferences are to their children's preferences.In the third chapter, which is joint work with Edward Miguel (UC Berkeley), we study how parents make competitiveness choices for their young children in Kenya. We present preliminary data from two lab-in-the-field experiments, and highlight three findings. First, in the sample of parents, men are more likely than women to compete. Second, in the sample of children, there is no evidence that boys are more competitive than girls. In fact, girls are more likely to compete than boys, but this difference is not significant. Third, when parents are asked to choose if their child should compete or not, there is a significant gender difference in choices |
| 일반주제명 | Economics. Behavioral sciences. Behavioral psychology. Gender studies. African studies. European studies. |
| 언어 | 영어 |
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