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Harnessing Microbiomes to Close the Carbon Cycle: Production of Beneficial Chemicals from Complex Renewable Feedstocks
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| 자료유형 | 학위논문 |
|---|---|
| 서명/저자사항 | Harnessing Microbiomes to Close the Carbon Cycle: Production of Beneficial Chemicals from Complex Renewable Feedstocks. |
| 개인저자 | Scarborough, Matthew James. |
| 단체저자명 | The University of Wisconsin - Madison. Civil & Environmental Engr. |
| 발행사항 | [S.l.]: The University of Wisconsin - Madison., 2019. |
| 발행사항 | Ann Arbor: ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019. |
| 형태사항 | 236 p. |
| 기본자료 저록 | Dissertations Abstracts International 81-03B. Dissertation Abstract International |
| ISBN | 9781085647212 |
| 학위논문주기 | Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2019. |
| 일반주기 |
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-03, Section: B.
Advisor: Noguera, Daniel R. |
| 이용제한사항 | This item must not be sold to any third party vendors. |
| 요약 | Microbiomes consist of microorganisms and their shared environment. While ubiquitous in nature, the principles underlying microbiome assembly, resiliency, and function are only beginning to emerge. Recently, microbiomes have been proposed to produce renewable chemicals from a variety of feedstocks. The carboxylate platform has been studied and implemented to produce carboxylic acids from complex feedstocks, including waste streams. The metabolic networks involved in carboxylate platform microbiomes and interactions between key community members, however, are not well characterized. Improving our understanding of the metabolic processes that occur in carboxylate platform bioreactors could help shape reactor microbiomes to improve production of desired end products.In this work, we demonstrated that the production of medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) from an industrial waste stream could be financially beneficial and that a simple microbial community emerged and remained stable for more than 252 days after starting a bioreactor. With the simplified community that emerged once the reactor reached steady-state, we reconstructed metabolic networks of the abundant populations based on genomic and transcriptomic analyses and hypothesized interactions between community members. We then improved draft genomes and assessed the time-dependent changes in gene expression of two potential chain-elongating populations after adding a large amount of nutrients to the reactor. Lastly, we generated metabolic models to assess bioreactor behavior, propose bottlenecks to MCFA production, and proposed strategies to improve production of MCFAs.In total, this work improves our understanding of MCFA production with anaerobic microbiomes. Our work suggests that implementing the carboxylate platform as part of a lignocellulosic biorefinery could help increase production of renewable fuels and chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass. MCFA production has previously been proposed to occur through reverse 棺-oxidation and results from our metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses support this hypothesis. Our work also shows that the presence or absence of genes for other energy conserving enzymes besides reverse 棺-oxidation can also impact MCFA production. Further, metabolic modeling with a functional guild model suggests that poor transfer of fermentation intermediates among community members may limit MCFA production. The metabolic models also provide a tool to assess other carboxylate platform reactor communities. We use the results of this work to suggest future research that could aid in harnessing microbiomes for production of beneficial chemicals from complex renewable feedstocks. |
| 일반주제명 | Environmental engineering. Microbiology. |
| 언어 | 영어 |
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