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Efficient Methods to Develop New Sweet Corn Cultivars for Organic Systems
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| 자료유형 | 학위논문 |
|---|---|
| 서명/저자사항 | Efficient Methods to Develop New Sweet Corn Cultivars for Organic Systems. |
| 개인저자 | Zystro, Jared. |
| 단체저자명 | The University of Wisconsin - Madison. Plant Breeding & Plant Genetics. |
| 발행사항 | [S.l.]: The University of Wisconsin - Madison., 2019. |
| 발행사항 | Ann Arbor: ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019. |
| 형태사항 | 189 p. |
| 기본자료 저록 | Dissertations Abstracts International 81-04B. Dissertation Abstract International |
| ISBN | 9781687938909 |
| 학위논문주기 | Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2019. |
| 일반주기 |
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-04, Section: B.
Advisor: Tracy, William F. |
| 이용제한사항 | This item must not be sold to any third party vendors. |
| 요약 | Organic systems differ from their conventional counterparts in ways that may affect the relative performance of plant genotypes. If cases where rank-change genotype-by-system interactions are present, selection in organic environments may be most appropriate when developing cultivars for organic systems. However, doing so requires efficient approaches that address the heterogeneity of organic systems. Identifying which traits are more stable across organic environments allows for better targeting of phenotyping efforts. Improved experimental designs may reduce error due to fine-scale spatial heterogeneity. Mating designs such as North Carolina Design II (NC DII), as well as marker information in concert with genomic BLUPs, can allow the prediction of the performance of a large number of hybrids and synthetics from a smaller subset of tested hybrids and inbreds. Synthetics, varieties produced from intermating multiple inbred lines, may be an appropriate method for developing stable and adaptable cultivars of cross-pollinated crops such as sweet corn (Zea mays). The goal of this research was to evaluate efficient methods to develop new sweet corn cultivars for organic systems. Chapter one provides an overview of the literature of organic breeding, mating designs, genomic prediction, and synthetic varieties. In chapter two, 100 sweet corn hybrids formed from four 5 x 5 North Carolina Design II mating blocks were grown, alongside their 40 inbred parents, in multi-location organic trials in 2015 and 2016. Differences were seen for inbred per se performance, combining ability, and stability across traits measured. In chapter three, phenotypic data from the 2015 and 2016 trials was used in concert with rich marker data to predict the performance of untested hybrids. Twenty-four of these untested hybrids were grown in five organic environments in 2017 and their performance correlated with predictions generated from inbred general combining ability, genomic predictions using solely additive effects, and genomic predictions using both additive and dominance effects. In general, the use of genomic prediction models slightly increased the accuracy of predictions of hybrid performance above the predictions based solely on general combining ability. However, the addition of dominance effects did not generally improve the predictions. In chapter four, phenotypic data from the 2015 and 2016 trials was used in concert with rich marker data to predict the performance of untested synthetic open-pollinated populations. Twenty-six of these untested synthetic populations were grown in five organic environments in 2017 and their performance correlated with predictions generated from inbred general combining ability, genomic predictions using solely additive effects and genomic predictions using both additive and dominance effects. In general, the use of genomic prediction models, either using additive effects alone, or including both additive and dominance effects, did not improve the accuracy of the predictions above those made using inbred general combining ability. |
| 일반주제명 | Plant sciences. Agriculture. Genetics. |
| 언어 | 영어 |
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