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Physiology, Photochemistry, and Fitness of Mexican Maize Landraces in the Field
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| 자료유형 | 학위논문 |
|---|---|
| 서명/저자사항 | Physiology, Photochemistry, and Fitness of Mexican Maize Landraces in the Field. |
| 개인저자 | Pace, Brian Axexander. |
| 단체저자명 | The Ohio State University. Horticulture and Crop Science. |
| 발행사항 | [S.l.]: The Ohio State University., 2019. |
| 발행사항 | Ann Arbor: ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019. |
| 형태사항 | 163 p. |
| 기본자료 저록 | Dissertations Abstracts International 81-02B. Dissertation Abstract International |
| ISBN | 9781085581066 |
| 학위논문주기 | Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Ohio State University, 2019. |
| 일반주기 |
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-02, Section: B.
Advisor: Mercer, Kristin. |
| 이용제한사항 | This item must not be sold to any third party vendors. |
| 요약 | Climate change impacts crop production as mean and extreme temperatures increase. Yet the maintenance of crop yield depends on the continued adaptation of crop varieties to their local environments. Mexico, the crop center of origin for maize, is home to high genetic diversity in landraces that campesino farmers actively manage, conserve, and rely upon. Southern Mexico possesses strong elevation gradients and heterogeneous environments cover a relatively small area, creating an ideal study site. The overall objective of this dissertation is to explore patterns of local adaptation in maize landraces along an elevation gradient while investigating the underlying physiological mechanisms which may explain these patterns. Populations of maize landraces from two elevation gradients (600-2150 m and 1850-2400 m) were compared in common gardens over three field seasons. In the first two years, 12 populations were sourced from, and planted reciprocally into, three elevational zones (600, 1550 and 2150 m). We studied traits such as photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, stomatal density, and relative growth rate (RGR), some of which proved to influence landrace maize fitness. Maize fitness was affected by G x E interactions, with responses of maize from different elevations (G) responding differently across common gardens (E). Evidence for local adaptation for both years was accompanied by strong to year to year variation. In the third year, 14 populations were collected every 100 m and planted at three elevations (1850, 2100, and 2400 m), and seven additional populations were sourced from genebank accessions originating in four Mexican states. We evaluated the quantity and diversity of leaf flavonoids, which are secondary plant metabolites that serve as protectants from UV-B damage. Two flavonoids varied based on garden elevation and are known to be herbivory deterrents. Maize landraces sourced within several 100 m often performed similarly, but maladaptive genetic variation at the population level may explain where this was not the case. The level of adaptation of maize landraces to current environments and their ability to respond plastically to new environments is likely to predict their continued use and conservation by farmers. |
| 일반주제명 | Physiology. Biochemistry. Ecology. Evolution & development. Plant sciences. Plant biology. Conservation biology. Climate change. |
| 언어 | 영어 |
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: 이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다. |
