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The Role of Attention in Preference-based Choice: Evidence from Behavioral, Neural, and Auditory Domains
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| 자료유형 | 학위논문 |
|---|---|
| 서명/저자사항 | The Role of Attention in Preference-based Choice: Evidence from Behavioral, Neural, and Auditory Domains. |
| 개인저자 | Gwinn, Rachael. |
| 단체저자명 | The Ohio State University. Psychology. |
| 발행사항 | [S.l.]: The Ohio State University., 2019. |
| 발행사항 | Ann Arbor: ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019. |
| 형태사항 | 146 p. |
| 기본자료 저록 | Dissertations Abstracts International 81-06B. Dissertation Abstract International |
| ISBN | 9781687977328 |
| 학위논문주기 | Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Ohio State University, 2019. |
| 일반주기 |
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-06, Section: B.
Advisor: Krajbich, Ian. |
| 이용제한사항 | This item must not be sold to any third party vendors. |
| 요약 | What role does attention play in decision-making? This dissertation will explore this question in three chapters exploring the causality of attention, the neural basis for the effects of attention, and the role of attention in auditory choices. Prior research has demonstrated a link between visual attention and value-based choice, but the direction of causality is still unclear. Here we aimed to demonstrate that attention has a causal influence on choice. We tested whether spatially biasing attention in a visual search task would produce choice biases in a later choice task. We ran four experiments where the search target was more likely to appear on one "rich" side of the screen. In the subsequent choice tasks, subjects were more likely to choose items appearing on the rich side and the average choice bias depended on how well subjects learned the regularity in the search task. Additionally, eye-tracking data revealed a first-fixation bias toward the rich side, which in turn influenced choices. Taken together, these results provide novel support for a causal effect of attention on choice.While attention appears to be causal, little is known about the choice process's neural substrates or how attention affects the integrated evidence representations. We conducted a simultaneous eye-tracking and fMRI experiment in which subjects gradually learned about the value of two lotteries. With this design we were able to extend decisions over a long period of time, manipulate the time course of evidence, and thus dissociate instantaneous and integrated evidence. We found that instantaneous evidence was represented in ventromedial prefrontal cortex and striatum, while integrated evidence was instead represented in dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and parietal cortex. In line with our computational model, both instantaneous and integrated evidence signals in the prefrontal cortex were modulated by gaze direction, with attended options receiving more evidence and thus higher choice proportions.Finally, we explored the role of attention in the auditory domain. While we do make visual, preference-based decisions, like what to wear, every day, we don't live in a purely visual world. We frequently make auditory decisions, like what song to listen to, yet these decision processes are not as well understood. To investigate such processes, including the role of attention, we had subjects complete a binary choice task. On each trial they controlled which of two songs played at any moment and ultimately decided which song they preferred. We found striking similarities between vision-based and auditory-based decisions, namely that attention played an important role in determining which song was chosen. However, unlike in visual choices, these attentional effects appear to be driven by a strong final-fixation effect. |
| 일반주제명 | Psychology. Physiology. Neurosciences. Health sciences. Psychobiology. Behavioral psychology. Physiological psychology. Cognitive psychology. |
| 언어 | 영어 |
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