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Essays in the Economics of Science and Innovation
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| 자료유형 | 학위논문 |
|---|---|
| 서명/저자사항 | Essays in the Economics of Science and Innovation. |
| 개인저자 | Tham, Wei Yang. |
| 단체저자명 | The Ohio State University. Economics. |
| 발행사항 | [S.l.]: The Ohio State University., 2019. |
| 발행사항 | Ann Arbor: ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019. |
| 형태사항 | 111 p. |
| 기본자료 저록 | Dissertations Abstracts International 81-05A. Dissertation Abstract International |
| ISBN | 9781392732748 |
| 학위논문주기 | Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Ohio State University, 2019. |
| 일반주기 |
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-05, Section: A.
Advisor: Weinberg, Bruce. |
| 이용제한사항 | This item must not be sold to any third party vendors. |
| 요약 | In this dissertation, I study topics in the economics of science and innovation using tools from applied econometrics and causal inference.In Chapter 1, I estimate the effect of short-term interactions on knowledge spillovers. Research in labor and urban economics has studied the importance of geographic proximity in reducing search costs and generating human capital spillovers and innovation. I study the colocation of scientists serving as reviewers for the NIH in committees known as study sections. I find that reviewers who serve together as reviewers are more likely to cite each other than reviewers who served at different times up to 10 years later, and that the longer the reviewers overlap, the stronger the effect. This suggests that familiarity with, and not just awareness of, another scientist is an important factor in knowledge diffusionIn Chapter 2, we evaluate the impact of a large, targeted intervention on scientific output. In 2004, California passed Proposition 71, allocating $3 billion over 10 years to supporting stem cell research. We evaluate the effects of this policy using a generalization of the synthetic control method. We find that the policy led to a 20\\% increase in publications by the state of California as a whole. This increase in the volume of research drove similar increases in high-impact or novel papers from California. Our results suggest that government can play a substantial role in determining the direction of research.In Chapter 3, I study the effect of budget uncertainty on research activity. In recent years, the U.S. federal budget has been a major source of uncertainty, which potentially impedes economic activity. This uncertainty can induce federal agencies to delay spending until later in the fiscal year. Businesses that rely on public funding may have their funding stream interrupted as a result. I study the effect of funding interruptions on one particular type of economic activity - research - for which exceptionally rich transaction-level data is available. I find that researchers respond to the uncertainty from funding interruptions by spending less in the months leading up to the expiry of funding. Spending is substantially lower in the first month after funding resumes but recovers within 2 months, suggesting that interruptions have a disruptive effect on research even when funds become available. These findings suggest that in addition to the quality of projects, agencies should take into account the continuity of funding when they make research awards. |
| 일반주제명 | Economics. |
| 언어 | 영어 |
| 바로가기 | 
: 이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다. |
